FAKTOR RISIKO INTRAPERSONAL NYERI PINGGANG BAWAH PADA PERAWAT DI TEMPAT KERJA: SYSTEMATICAL REVIEW
Abstract
Prevalensi nyeri punggung (NPB) bawah dari tahun 2008-2019 tetap berkisar 14% hingga 90%. Penyebab utamanya adalah posisi yang tidak ergonomis. Posisi kerja professional perawat yang tidak ergonomis menyebabkannya mempunyai risiko tinggi. Sebagian NPB berlangsung lebih lama dan kronis. Nyeri kronis secara individu dipengaruhi faktor psikologis, lingkungan dan lainnya. Diperlukan penelitian untuk mendapatkan faktor risiko NPB pada perawat di tempat kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikan faktor risiko intrapersonal nyeri pinggang bawah pada perawat di tempat kerja. Metode penelitian adalah systematic review. Penelitian menggunakan checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA). Pencarian sistematis dengan kata kunci pencarian low back pain, ners, RCT, Quasi-experimental, Qualitative analysis dan Prospective longitudinal study dalam kurun waktu tahun 2013-2022 dicari di Science Direct, Medline, Pubmed, dan Proquest. Hasil penelitian dari 24 penelitian yang terjaring didapatkan 13 faktor risiko intrapersonal, terdiri dari 2 yang tidak bisa diubah (usia dan jenis kelamin) dan 11 yang bisa diubah (BMI, pengetahuan ergonomic, pengetahuan NPB, NPB sebelumnya, Riwayat operasi, keyakinan kerja yang menyebabkan sakit, stress, kelelahan, insomnia, kepuasan kerja, dan pengalaman kerja). Kesimpulan penelitian didapatkan 13 faktor risiko intrapersonal pada perawat di tempat kerja. Hasil ini bisa dijadikan dasar program promotive NPB pada perawat untuk menurunkan prevalensi NPB pada perawat.
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